Acute Coronary Syndrome: Beyond Conventional Treatment

Ahmed, Mohamed Ibrahim; Abdelrazek, Heba; Moustafa, Yasser; Khodeer, Dina M.

doi:10.21608/rpbs.2023.212085.1227

Acute Coronary Syndrome: Beyond Conventional Treatment

Document Type : Mini-reviews

Authors

¹ Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

² Professor of Physiology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Suez Canal University

³ Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt.

⁴ Department of Pharmacology &amp; Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt

10.21608/rpbs.2023.212085.1227

Abstract

Acute coronary syndrome, which is the acute manifestation of ischemic heart disease, remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality across the world and is mainly responsible for 1.8 million deaths per year. The pathophysiology of acute coronary syndrome is usually due to atherosclerotic plaque rupture which results in a sequence of inflammatory events, thrombus formation, and platelet aggregation causing an aggravation of insufficient perfusion to meet myocardial oxygen demand which can eventually lead to myocardial infarction. Serotonin a monoamine neurotransmitter and a hormone found in both the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system is released during myocardial ischemia, acute inflammation, and tissue damage leading to platelets aggregation, thrombus formation, contraction of smooth muscle cells, and coronary artery spasms. Serotonin also plays an important role in the progression of myocardial cellular injury through various pathways. This review discusses the potential therapeutic role of targeting the serotonin system in the setting of acute coronary syndrome.

Keywords