Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
Institute of Biotechnology, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
2
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
3
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, 41522, Ismailia, Egypt
Abstract
Solenostemma argel (S. Argel) is an endangered medicinal plant in the Sinai Peninsula with numerous pharmaceutical applications. The propagation of this plant through biotechnological tissue culture approaches is crucial due to the increasing demand in various industries. This research sought to investigate the in vitro propagation of S. Argel using seed germination, determine the best culture medium, and assess the genetic similarity of regenerated plants by the ISSR approach. Seeds were collected, and in vitro seedlings were used for shoot induction. Shoot tips were cultured on MS media with 1, 2, 4, and 8 mg/L of cytokinins such as benzyl adenine, 2-isopentenyladenine, kinetin, and zeatin. Additionally, the MS medium for root induction was enriched with 1, 2, 4, and 8 mg/L of each auxin IAA, IBA, and NAA. Low levels of zeatin (1 or 2 mg/L) and kinetin (up to 8 mg/L) added to the MS medium were most effective in promoting increased growth, resulting in higher numbers of branches, leaves, and longer and heavier weights of cultured S. argel. The best results for rooting percentage, number of explants length, and fresh weight were shown in MS medium supplemented with 4 mg/L of IBA. ISSR markers proved the genetic stability and uniformity of regenerated plants. Collectively, the efficiency of micropropagation and rooting can be significantly improved by incorporating plant growth regulators such as zeatin or kinetin, along with auxins like IBA. This study could facilitate the exploitation of S. argel by the pharmaceutical industry and contribute to conservation strategies.
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